Question

What is the difference between a 529-to-Roth-IRA rollover and a nonqualified withdrawal?

Answer

A 529-to-Roth-IRA rollover allows you to move up to $35,000 of unused education savings into a retirement account without paying taxes or penalties, preserving the tax-advantaged status of the funds. In contrast, a nonqualified withdrawal means you take the cash out for noneducational purposes. With a nonqualified withdrawal, the earnings portion of the distribution is subject to ordinary income tax plus a 10% penalty, which can significantly reduce the value of your accumulated wealth.

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