Question

What is IRMAA?

Answer

IRMAA, the Income-Related Monthly Adjustment Amount, is a Medicare Part B and Part D premium surcharge that applies when your modified adjusted gross income exceeds set thresholds. It’s based on your modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) from two years prior, so 2026 IRMAA reflects your 2024 income.

There are five income brackets, and going even $1 over a threshold moves you into the higher bracket — a cliff effect, not a gradual increase. Life-changing events that impact your income, like retirement, allow you to appeal via Form SSA-44. Income planning can help you avoid the cliff.

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