Incapacity planning puts legal documents in place to designate trusted decision-makers if you become unable to manage your own affairs. For surviving spouses — particularly women, who statistically outlive their husbands and face substantially higher rates of long-term care needs — these documents are essential. A Healthcare Power of Attorney, Financial Power of Attorney, living will, and HIPAA authorization each serve a distinct function. Together, they ensure your medical and financial wishes are legally upheld, even when you cannot speak for yourself.